Chapter IV : Active and Passive Sentences in Past Form
A.
Simple Past Tense
·
Active sentences in the simple past tense have
the following structure:
Subject
+ past tense form of the verb + object
·
Passive sentences in the simple past tense have
the following structure:
Object
of the active sentence + was/were + past participle form of the verb + by +
subject of the active sentence
·
Examples :
1.
Active: He bought an apple.
Passive:
A letter was bought by him.
2.
Active: I knew it.
Passive:
It was known by me.
3.
Active: Mr. X kicked the ball.
Passive:
The ball was kicked by him.
B.
Past Continuous Tense
·
Active sentences in the past continuous tense
have the following structure:
Subject
+ was/were + -ing form of the verb + object
·
Passive sentences in the past continuous tense
have the following structure:
Object
of the active sentence + was/were + being + past participle form of the verb +
by + subject of the active sentence
·
Examples :
1.
Active: She was writing a novel.
Passive:
A novel was being written by her.
2.
Active: They were saying their prayers.
Passive:
Their prayers were being said by them.
3.
Active: He was giving a lecture.
Passive:
A lecture was being given by him.
C.
Past Perfect Tense
·
Active sentences in the past perfect tense have
the following structure:
Subject + had + past participle form of
the verb + object
·
Passive sentences in the past perfect tense have
the following structure:
Object of the active sentence + had +
been + past participle form of the verb + by + subject of the active sentence
·
Examples :
1.
Active: I had never experienced such difficulty.
Passive:
Such difficulty had never been experienced by me.
2.
Active: You had not spoken to her.
Passive:
She had not been spoken by you.
3.
Active: I had finished my homework.
Passive:
My homework had been finished by me.
·
Source :
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