Chapter III : Active and Passive Sentences in Present Form

A.      Simple Present Tense
·      Active sentences in the present perfect tense have the following structure:
Subject + verb 1 (+s/es) + object
·      Passive sentences in the present perfect tense have the following structure:
Object of the active sentence + is/are/am + past participle + by + subject of the active sentence
·      Examples :
1.    Active : I draw a picture.
Passive : A picture is drawn by me.
2.    Active : They wear blue shoes.
Passive : Blue shoes are worn by them.
3.    Active : They don't help you.
Passive : You are not helped by them.

B.      Present Perfect Tense
·      Active sentences in the present perfect tense have the following structure:
Subject + has/have + past participle form of the verb + object
·      Passive sentences in the present perfect tense have the following structure:
Object of the active sentence + has/have + been + past participle form of the verb + by + subject of the active sentence
·      Examples :
1.    Active: I have written a story.
Passive: A story has been written by me.
2.    Active: They have built a house.
Passive: A house has been built by them.
3.    Active: He has broken my window.
Passive: My window has been broken by him.

C.       Present Continuous Tense
·      Active sentences in the present continuous tense have the following structure:
Subject + is/are/am + -ing form of the verb + object
·      Passive sentences in the present continuous tense have the following structure:
Object of the active sentence + is/are/am + being + past participle form of the verb + by + subject of the active sentence.

·      Examples :
1.    Active: I am reading a novel.
Passive: A novel is being read by me.
2.    Active: Some children is playing the UNO game.
Passive: The UNO game is being played by some children.
3.    Active: He is singing a song.
Passive: A song is being sung by him.

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